Description

Celtuce (Lactuca sativa var. asparagina), also known as Stem Lettuce, Celery Lettuce, Asparagus Lettuce, or Chinese Lettuce, is a unique lettuce cultivar grown primarily for its thick, crunchy stem. Originating from the Mediterranean region and popularized in China, celtuce combines the characteristics of lettuce and celery, offering both edible leaves and stems.

The plant begins by producing elongated, light-green leaves that can be harvested early for salads. As it matures, the central stem thickens, reaching about 15–20 cm (6–8 inches) in length and 3–4 cm (1–1.5 inches) in diameter. This stem is crisp with a mild, nutty flavor, making it versatile for various culinary applications. Celtuce is a cool-season crop, best grown in spring or fall to avoid bolting, which can occur in high temperatures.

🌞💧 Sun and Water Requirements:
- Prefers full sun but tolerates partial shade, especially in warmer climates.
- Thrives in well-drained, fertile soil with consistent moisture.
- Regular watering is essential to maintain stem tenderness and prevent bolting.

✂️🫘 Methods to Propagate:
- **Seeds**: Sow seeds directly into the soil or start indoors 4–6 weeks before the last frost. Transplant seedlings when they have 3–4 true leaves.
- **Spacing**: Plant seeds or transplants 20–30 cm (8–12 inches) apart in rows spaced 30–40 cm (12–16 inches) apart.

🧑‍🌾👩‍🌾 When to Harvest:
- **Leaves**: Harvest young leaves approximately 4–5 weeks after planting for use in salads.
- **Stems**: Harvest when stems reach about 15–20 cm (6–8 inches) in length and 3–4 cm (1–1.5 inches) in diameter, typically 70–90 days after planting. Peel the fibrous outer layer before consumption.

Purpose

Celtuce serves multiple functions in a permaculture system:

- **Edible**: Provides nutritious leaves and stems suitable for raw or cooked dishes.
- **Ground Cover**: Dense foliage helps suppress weeds and protect soil moisture.