Iguana
Scientific Name
Iguana iguana
Description
Iguanas are large, herbivorous lizards commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions. They are known for their distinctive long tails, spiky crests, and powerful legs. In gardens and permaculture landscapes, they can become significant pests by feeding on vegetables, fruits, and ornamental plants.
Characteristics
Iguanas are characterized by their long bodies, strong limbs, and distinctive dorsal spines running along their backs. They typically range from 3 to 6 feet in length. Their sharp claws enable them to climb trees and fences easily. They are mostly herbivorous, feeding on leafy greens, flowers, and soft fruits. Their feeding habits can cause severe damage to crops and delicate plants, leading to defoliation and plant loss.
Control Methods
- Organic sprays: - Spray a mixture of garlic, hot pepper, and vinegar around garden beds to create an unappealing taste. - Use neem oil as a deterrent to make leaves less palatable.
- Cultural practices: - Plant iguana-resistant species such as citrus, tough-leaved plants, crops like onions, garlic, lemongrass, and strong-smelling herbs (they dislike these). - Use sacrificial plants like hibiscus or certain leafy greens to divert iguana feeding away from crops.
- Preventive methods: - Install barriers such as wire mesh or fencing to prevent iguanas from entering gardens. - Maintain a clean yard, removing fallen fruit and dense vegetation that may attract iguanas. - Use motion-activated sprinklers to deter iguanas from foraging in key areas. - Reduce water sources since iguanas are drawn to ponds, birdbaths, and other water bodies.
- Biological controls: - Encourage the presence of natural predators like birds of prey (hawks, owls) and large snakes. - Promote the presence of domesticated pets such as dogs, which can help deter iguanas.
- Mechanical physical: - Install tree guards around trunks to prevent climbing. - Use netting or chicken wire to protect vulnerable crops. - Apply reflective objects, such as aluminum foil or CDs, to scare iguanas away.
Natural Enemies
- Hawks
- Owls
- Large snakes
- Domestic dogs